Final Project

Presentation+Local Problem

http://prezi.com/jlf5fams8gby/jakarta-transfortation/

Jakarta transportation on Prezi

Newspaper article

  We all know the traffic or we say the transportation do influence our daily life. In Jakarta, you will say they really perplex you seriously. In daily life, you go out door, the traffic will be your first challenge. In a research, it said that each worker average will take 3 hours a day on transportation, the situation cause workers can't do more work for their companies. That directly effect the nation economy. For students, they used to  take lots of time on transportation. Of course, it will limit their own study time. Jakarta is well known as a bad traffic. The waste of it is a big problem, when we stock on the street, keep waiting for moving, the fuel still burning. The air pollution is exactly not that good. Every year, they waste more than 1,000,000,000 US of fuel. Although we can say because Jakarta have too much people. But, in fact, Jakarta is the 9th crowed city in the world. Tokyo, New York, Seoul is more crowed of it, we don't say the traffic in those countries are worse than Jakarta. The problem of it is the public transportation is not enough. As a developing country, Indonesia have the ability to do this, so maybe just a few years, we can change the imagine of the terrible traffic.





Info graphic

The population decrease in 2005, the reason is  the government do the census again this time they changed the standard of being a citizen of Jakarta. If they include the moving people (people not long live in city, they work and activity their). The population will up to 12,000,000 people now.

Hotel Rwanda

  

  This is a true story of the film, the background is about the 1994 Rwandan genocide, it was a story of a Rwandan Hutu hotel manager Paul Rusesabagina. the movie show out how ethnic killing happened and see how he save the people in the hotel to against the Hutu militia, most of them will get kill if they don't have his aegis.

  There are some important characters in the film. As Paul(main character), general,and UN army.At the first screen of the movie, just show out how Paul pleased the people like the general, one of the Hutu's leader, and his forceful patron such as foreign generals and reporters. All the things he do is ready for some emergency. He using his skills to let everybody trust him. he thought these relationship will help him someday,but finally he figure out that even he tried to do those hardly things. It doesn't work anyway.

  And the general,means the general in their country. the country was in a ruin time. but he just do nothing. he is one of the guy that Paul to pleased. So sometime he will lead the government to help Paul. But every time he come he will asks for some goods, such as money, wine, beers, jewelry. So Paul felt disappointed of his way. "No goods, no protection".But I have to say that he is so sad. He thought he could handle this job by asking some goods from others. in fact, he is control by Paul and his desires. He and Paul are in a strange relationship. when Paul need some help, he just come. Even there' is no goods to take, but he just go anyway. because he also can't live without Paul. 

  As the UN army, They just formed as a small number of soldiers. they can't really control the whole country. they just sent there and do something really small. Paul is conversed with a captain inside. He has a kind mind, also he is very sympathize those people been persecute. And he felt disappointed to the way the world solving this problem. But he stand in the people side. And he never give up. Finally, he complete his job.

 Hotel Rwanda time line

  

  The causes of this happened have many reason, but mostly are between two ethnicity and Europeans colonize.

1918 Under the Treaty of Versailles the former German colony of Rwanda-Urundi is made a League of Nations protectorate to be governed by Belgium. The two territories (later to become Rwanda and Burundi) are administered separately under two different Tutsi monarchs.
Both Germany and Belgium turned the traditional Hutu-Tutsi relationship into a class system. The minority Tutsi (14%) are favored over the Hutus (85%) and given privileges and western-style education. The Belgians used the Tutsi minority to enforce their rule.
1926 Belgians introduce a system of ethnic identity cards differentiating Hutus from Tutsis.
1957 PARMEHUTU (Party for the Emancipation of the Hutus) is formed while Rwanda is still under Belgian rule.
1959 Hutus rebel against the Belgian colonial power and the Tutsi elite; 150,000 Tutsis flee to Burundi.
1960 Hutus win municipal elections organized by Belgian colonial rulers.
1961-62 Belgians withdraw. Rwanda and Burundi become two separate and independent countries.
A Hutu revolution in Rwanda installs a new president, Gregoire Kayibanda; fighting continues and thousands of Tutsis are forced to flee. In Burundi, Tutsis retain power.
1963 Further massacre of Tutsis, this time in response to military attack by exiled Tutsis in Burundi. Again more refugees leave the country. It is estimated that by the mid-1960s half of the Tutsi population is living outside Rwanda.
1967 Renewed massacres of Tutsis.
1973 Purge of Tutsis from universities. Fresh outbreak of killings, again directed at Tutsi community.
The army chief of staff, General Juvenal Habyarimana, seizes power, pledging to restore order. He sets up a one-party state. A policy of ethnic quotas is entrenched in all public service employment. Tutsis are restricted to nine percent of available jobs.
1975 Habyarimana's political party, the National Revolutionary Movement for Development (Mouvement Revolutionnaire National pour le Developpement, or MRND) is formed. Hutus from the president's home area of northern Rwanda are given overwhelming preference in public service and military jobs. This pattern of exclusion of the Tutsis continues throughout the '70s and '80s.
1986 In Uganda, Rwandan exiles are among the victorious troops of Yoweri Museveni's National Resistance Army who take power, overthrowing the dictator Milton Obote. The exiles then form the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a Tutsi-dominated organization.
1989 Coffee prices collapse, causing severe economic hardship in Rwanda.
July 1990 Under pressure from Western aid donors, Habyarimana concedes the principle of multi-party democracy.
Oct. 1990 RPF guerillas invade Rwanda from Uganda. After fierce fighting in which French and Zairean troops are called in to assist the government, a cease-fire is signed on March 29, 1991.
1990/91 The Rwandan army begins to train and arm civilian militias known as interahamwe ("Those who stand together") For the next three years Habyarimana stalls on the establishment of a genuine multi-party system with power-sharing. Throughout this period thousands of Tutsis are killed in separate massacres around the country. Opposition politicians and newspapers are persecuted.
November 1992 Prominent Hutu activist Dr. Leon Mugusera appeals to Hutus to send the Tutsis "back to Ethiopia" via the rivers.
February 1993  launches a fresh offensive and the guerillas reach the outskirts of Kigali. French forces are again called in to help the government side. Fighting continues for several months.
August 1993 Following months of negotiations, Habyarimana and the RPF sign a peace accord that allows for the return of refugees and a coalition Hutu-RPF government. 2,500 U.N. troops are deployed in Kigali to oversee the implementation of the accord.
Sept.1993-Mar.1994 President Habyarimana stalls on setting up of power-sharing government. Training of militias intensifies. Extremist radio station, Radio Mille Collines, begins broadcasting exhortations to attack the Tutsis. Human rights groups warn the international community of impending calamity.
March 1994 Many Rwandan human rights activists evacuate their families from Kigali believing massacres are imminent.
April 6, 1994 President Habyarimana and the president of Burundi, Cyprien Ntaryamira, are killed when Habyarimana's plane is shot down near Kigali Airport. Extremists, suspecting that the president is finally about to implement the Arusha Peace Accords, are believed to be behind the attack. That night the killing begins.

                                Presentation

I felt really exciting during this preparing research, because I chosen a interesting topic. But I notice that this is a big and complicated one. Because it base on the history of colonized, geometry, and government now. So that I have to lots of  work. The final works are not good enough. i should put more things in it. and talk more.the big point i should improve is learning how to connect those information into a presentation. If I could do that well the project will coming splendid.  I realized I should sharing more the thing I found. That may helps all of us get more knowledge.

 This is my presentation.

 Classmate presentation:
 I really like Tina's presentation. It's about an African language Swahili.  this is my first time heard about it. I though Africa only speak like European languages such as English, French, and some German for their nation language before.But I found out some of them. Maybe 3 or 4.And it is a interesting language. because of it's pronouncing is really cool. And it's easy for learning I guess. Also, she show us some article and some files that written in Swahili past. She also show us a video to learning it with a song. That made the class more lively. Some of us even sing alone. There just have a advice for her, she may have to make her presentation more fluid.
This is the video she used in her presentation:

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uRRyAEddO6E

The Hotel Rwanda

Humanities Essay

Humanities Essay

  The development of human economic activity is collecting, fishing and hunting, farming, business and industry to the information technology.

1. Collecting, fishing and hunting

  Human begin to keep alive by collecting, fishing and hunting. Beginning is all using hands. Later, human began to invent the tools to make the life more convenient. So the areas that human can handle are getting bigger. At this time, if people want to get what they need. They barter to others. But it doesn’t work really well. Basically, the feature of it is: people don’t product their needs, but collecting in the nature. That’s a unstable economic system. The nature factor often influences the whole balance.

2. Farming

 

  Selective collection and livestock. Is the progress of the first stage. People select specific crop to collect regularly and started to product their needs. The nature is not the only factor. Makes the living area smaller, don’t have to waste time and body strength. Thus, people can live together, becoming settlement. They have to supply their own needs.

3. Business and Industry

  When the farming scale become bigger, the number of crops and production are all grown up. People have to think a way to handle them. So, the way to treat them. First, gather them and store them. Second, “sell” them, that’s the beginning concept of business. People find out the supply and demand. And then develop the concept of market. And more type of business form came out. The living life increases the convenience and richness. Third, people make the value promote. That’s dependent on industry. And it combines with market. And it also improves the level of it.

4. Information Technology

Network is representative of information technology. Internet connects the people together. Makes people nun distant.  Information and data been transmitted quickly. A lot more funds and objects had been flexibility. Technology has being as a medium of economic activity.  The economic development is closely related to science and technology.

5. Future - Knowledge Economic

At the future, human’s brain development will be the mainstream of economic. Is not depends on the physical value. Knowledge and ideas will be the “money”. Along of the knowledge economic been flourishing. Only the best idea will succeed, and human’ brain will getting improve and improve.

Humanities Essay

Humanities Essay

  The development of human economic activity is collecting, fishing and hunting, farming, business and industry to the information technology.

1. Collecting, fishing and hunting

  Human begin to keep alive by collecting, fishing and hunting. Beginning is all using hands. Later, human began to invent the tools to make the life more convenient. So the areas that human can handle are getting bigger. At this time, if people want to get what they need. They barter to others. But it doesn’t work really well. Basically, the feature of it is: people don’t product their needs, but collecting in the nature. That’s a unstable economic system. The nature factor often influences the whole balance.

2. Farming

 

  Selective collection and livestock. Is the progress of the first stage. People select specific crop to collect regularly and started to product their needs. The nature is not the only factor. Makes the living area smaller, don’t have to waste time and body strength. Thus, people can live together, becoming settlement. They have to supply their own needs.

3. Business and Industry

  When the farming scale become bigger, the number of crops and production are all grown up. People have to think a way to handle them. So, the way to treat them. First, gather them and store them. Second, “sell” them, that’s the beginning concept of business. People find out the supply and demand. And then develop the concept of market. And more type of business form came out. The living life increases the convenience and richness. Third, people make the value promote. That’s dependent on industry. And it combines with market. And it also improves the level of it.

4. Information Technology

Network is representative of information technology. Internet connects the people together. Makes people nun distant.  Information and data been transmitted quickly. A lot more funds and objects had been flexibility. Technology has being as a medium of economic activity.  The economic development is closely related to science and technology.

5. Future - Knowledge Economic

At the future, human’s brain development will be the mainstream of economic. Is not depends on the physical value. Knowledge and ideas will be the “money”. Along of the knowledge economic been flourishing. Only the best idea will succeed, and human’ brain will getting improve and improve.